Monnaies normandes dans les régions baltiques à l'époque viking

Based on a check list of finds, the exportation of Norman ducal coins is analysed. The first wave of the 10th century went to Viking lands in Scandinavia and the British Isles. From the mid-11th century on, the flow is directed towards Italy and the Near East where Normans were active as mercenaries, conquerors and pilgrims. The trans-Channel trade is pursued. Around thirty die-identical coins found at various places in Scandinavia and the Baltic area may be an imitative issue.